Confronto
Humanin vs. Linaclotid
Due peptidi a confronto — identità, base di evidenze, stato legale ed eventi avversi noti.
Identità
Categoria
Ricerca (altro)
Ricerca (altro)
N. CAS
330936-69-1
851199-59-2
Peso molecolare
2687.27 g/mol
1526.74 g/mol
Emivita
nessun dato
nessun dato
Sequenza
Met-Ala-Pro-Arg-Gly-Phe-Ser-Cys-Leu-Leu-Leu-Leu-Thr-Ser-Glu-Ile-Asp-Leu-Pro-Val-Lys-Arg-Arg-Alanessun dato
Meccanismo d'azione
Humanin
Humanin arises from a short open reading frame within the 16S rRNA region of the mitochondrial genome (MT-RNR2) — it is therefore not encoded by nuclear DNA. Mechanistically, preclinical work describes a cytoprotective, anti-apoptotic effect via multiple pathways: an extracellular interaction with a trimeric receptor complex of gp130, CNTFR and WSX-1 with downstream activation of JAK2/STAT3 signalling, as well as intracellular interactions including inhibition of the pro-apoptotic protein BAX (and of tBID), binding to IGFBP-3 with modulation of the IGF-1 axis, and interaction with FPRL1/FPRL2 receptors. These models derive predominantly from cell culture and rodents; the extent to which they reflect human physiology after administration of exogenous synthetic humanin is not established by controlled human trials.
Linaclotid
Linaclotide activates the guanylate cyclase-C receptor on the luminal surface of the intestinal epithelium. This raises cyclic GMP (cGMP), increases secretion of chloride and bicarbonate into the lumen, raises stool fluid content and accelerates transit; pain signaling is also modulated.
Base di evidenze
Evidenza più alta
Studio sull'uomo
RCT sull'uomo
Studi
4
0
di cui sull'uomo
1
0
Effetti registrati
4
2
Contraddizioni aperte
1
0
Eventi avversi documentati
0
1
Stato legale
Voci complete
Frequently asked questions
- What is the difference between Humanin and Linaclotid?
- Humanin is classified as "Ricerca (altro)", while Linaclotid is classified as "Ricerca (altro)". Humanin: Humanin is a 24-amino-acid mitochondrial-encoded peptide (mitochondrial-derived peptide, MDP) whose open reading frame lies within the 16S rRNA region (gene MT-RNR2) of mitochondrial DNA. It is considered the founding member of the MDP family and was discovered in 2001 by the Hashimoto/Nishimoto group while searching for neuroprotective factors in the brain of an Alzheimer's patient. In basic research (including the laboratory of Pinchas Cohen) humanin is described as a cytoprotective, anti-apoptotic peptide and is studied in the contexts of Alzheimer's/neuroprotection, metabolism/insulin action and aging. The evidence comes almost entirely from cell and animal models and from observations of endogenous levels in humans; controlled human trials of exogenous humanin as a therapeutic are lacking. It is not approved as a medicine anywhere and is traded on the grey market as a research chemical. Linaclotid: Linaclotide is a 14-amino-acid peptide and guanylate cyclase-C (GC-C) agonist. It is approved for irritable bowel syndrome with constipation (IBS-C) and chronic idiopathic constipation (CIC). This page contrasts both neutrally and source-based — with no usage or dosing recommendation.
- Which peptide is better supported by science, Humanin or Linaclotid?
- The highest available evidence level is "Studio sull'uomo" for Humanin and "RCT sull'uomo" for Linaclotid. A higher evidence level means more robust data, but says nothing about suitability for an individual. The full body of evidence is on each peptide's own page.
- What is the legal status of Humanin and Linaclotid in Germany and the United States?
- Germania: Humanin — Non approvato, Linaclotid — Su prescrizione. Stati Uniti: Humanin — Solo ricerca, Linaclotid — Su prescrizione. These are factual summaries with source and review date on the individual pages.