Сравнение
FOXO4-DRI vs. Bremelanotide
Два пептида рядом — идентичность, доказательная база, правовой статус и известные нежелательные явления.
Идентичность
Категория
Исследования (прочее)
Исследования (прочее)
Номер CAS
2074706-72-8
189691-06-3
Молекулярная масса
3735 g/mol
1025.18 g/mol
Период полувыведения
0.5 h
2.7 h
Последовательность
D-Retro-Inverso-Variante eines FOXO4-Peptid-Fragments (LTLRKEPASEIAQSILEAYSQNGWANRRSGGKR — D-Aminosäuren in umgekehrter Sequenz)Ac-Nle-c[Asp-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Lys]-OHМеханизм действия
FOXO4-DRI
FOXO4-DRI is the D-retro-inverso variant of a peptide fragment of the FOXO4 transcription factor. In senescent cells, FOXO4 is bound to p53, which suppresses p53-mediated apoptosis — the cells survive in a secreting 'zombie-like' state (senescence-associated secretory phenotype, SASP). The DRI peptide disrupts this FOXO4-p53 binding, freeing p53, and the senescent cell initiates apoptosis. Healthy cells are largely unaffected because p53 is not held back by FOXO4 in them. This selectivity was the central finding of the original 2017 publication.
Bremelanotide
Bremelanotide is a cyclic peptide that binds non-selectively to melanocortin receptors (MC1R through MC5R) — with highest affinity at MC4R in the central nervous system. The precise role of MC4R activation in sexual behaviour is not fully understood; animal data show effects on hypothalamic circuits. Peripheral effects (blood pressure, hyperpigmentation) are attributed to MC1R/MC2R.
Доказательная база
Наивысшая доказательность
Модель на животных
РКИ на людях
Исследования
3
5
из них на людях
0
5
Зафиксированные эффекты
3
3
Открытые противоречия
1
1
Задокументированные нежелательные явления
1
2
Правовой статус
Полные записи
Frequently asked questions
- What is the difference between FOXO4-DRI and Bremelanotide?
- FOXO4-DRI is classified as "Исследования (прочее)", while Bremelanotide is classified as "Исследования (прочее)". FOXO4-DRI: Synthetic peptide with D-Retro-Inverso structure (all amino acids as D-form, sequence reversed), developed in 2017 as an experimental senolytic candidate. Goal: selective apoptosis of senescent cells via disruption of the FOXO4-p53 interaction. So far evaluated exclusively preclinically. Bremelanotide: Synthetic cyclic heptapeptide acting as a non-selective melanocortin-receptor agonist. FDA-approved in 2019 as Vyleesi for hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD) in pre-menopausal women. This page contrasts both neutrally and source-based — with no usage or dosing recommendation.
- Which peptide is better supported by science, FOXO4-DRI or Bremelanotide?
- The highest available evidence level is "Модель на животных" for FOXO4-DRI and "РКИ на людях" for Bremelanotide. A higher evidence level means more robust data, but says nothing about suitability for an individual. The full body of evidence is on each peptide's own page.
- What is the legal status of FOXO4-DRI and Bremelanotide in Germany and the United States?
- Германия: FOXO4-DRI — Только для исследований, Bremelanotide — Не одобрено. США: FOXO4-DRI — Только для исследований, Bremelanotide — Рецептурный. These are factual summaries with source and review date on the individual pages.