Comparison
Epitalon vs. Lixisenatide
Two peptides side-by-side — identity, evidence base, legal status and known adverse events.
Identity
Category
Research other
Metabolic
CAS no.
307297-39-8
320367-13-3
Molecular weight
390.35 g/mol
4858.5 g/mol
Half-life
0.3 h
3 h
Sequence
Ala-Glu-Asp-GlyHGEGTFTSDLSKQMEEEAVRLFIEWLKNGGPSSGAPPSKKKKKK-NH2Mechanism of action
Epitalon
Postulated mechanisms include modulation of gene expression in pinealocytes, telomerase activation (observed in cell culture studies) and influence on melatonin synthesis. A defined primary receptor is not established; the mechanistic basis rests on in-vitro and animal data from the Khavinson group.
Lixisenatide
Lixisenatide is a 44-amino-acid peptide based on exendin-4 (see exenatide) with six additional lysine residues at the C-terminus. This modification increases stability against DPP-4 degradation. The short half-life (~3 hours) and plasma peak around mealtime explain the predominantly prandial effect — stronger postprandial glucose action, weaker fasting glucose effect than weekly GLP-1 RAs.
Evidence base
Highest evidence
Human trial
Human RCT
Studies
4
5
of which in humans
1
5
Effects recorded
4
3
Open conflicts
1
1
Documented adverse events
1
1