FOXO4-DRI vs. Thymosin Alpha-1

Category

Research other

Healing

CAS no.

2074706-72-8

62304-98-7

Molecular weight

3735 g/mol

3108.32 g/mol

Half-life

0.5 h

2 h

Sequence

FOXO4-DRI

FOXO4-DRI is the D-retro-inverso variant of a peptide fragment of the FOXO4 transcription factor. In senescent cells, FOXO4 is bound to p53, which suppresses p53-mediated apoptosis — the cells survive in a secreting 'zombie-like' state (senescence-associated secretory phenotype, SASP). The DRI peptide disrupts this FOXO4-p53 binding, freeing p53, and the senescent cell initiates apoptosis. Healthy cells are largely unaffected because p53 is not held back by FOXO4 in them. This selectivity was the central finding of the original 2017 publication.

Thymosin Alpha-1

Thymosin Alpha-1 is an N-terminally acetylated peptide originally isolated from the thymus. It modulates T-lymphocyte maturation and function and acts on dendritic cells via Toll-like receptors (TLR9 / TLR2). In preclinical and some clinical studies, increased interferon-gamma responses and altered T-cell subpopulations have been reported.

Highest evidence

Studies

3

2

of which in humans

0

2

Effects recorded

3

3

Open conflicts

1

1

Documented adverse events

1

1